Regulation of pregnenolone synthesis in C6-2B glioma cells by 4'-chlorodiazepam.

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Abstract
An experimental model to study synthesis of cholesterol and pregnenolone from the precursor mevalonolactone (MVA) was developed in C6-2B glioma cells. The steroidogenic capability of this cell line and the regulation of pregnenolone production by 4'-chlorodiazepam (4'CD), a specific ligand for the mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) receptor (MDR), were investigated. Cells maintained in serum-free media were incubated with lovastatin (20 microM) and two inhibitors of pregnenolone metabolism, trilostane (25 microM) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-oxo-7-chloro-2-naphthylpyridine (10 microM). Under these conditions the incorporation of [3H]MVA into cholesterol and pregnenolone formation was biphasic, with an initial rapid phase (within 1 min) followed by a slower phase. Cholesterol and pregnenolone were identified by coelution with authentic steroids from a Si 60 Lichrosorb column and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Pregnenolone synthesis in intact C6-2B glioma cells was stimulated by nanomolar concentrations of 4'CD after 5 min of incubation with MVA. The stimulatory effect was dependent on drug concentration and the maximal effect was achieved at 10 nM. The time course showed that the incorporation of MVA into pregnenolone is accelerated by the MDR ligand. Cholesterol synthesis is only slightly and not significantly affected by 4'CD. These results support the view that steroid synthesis occurs in a glioma cell line. Moreover, we provide evidence for a rapid steroid synthesis in C6-2B glioma cells, which in turn appears to be accelerated by 1-100 nM 4'CD, a MDR ligand.