The Geology of the Country between Abergwesyn (Breconshire) and Pumpsaint (Carmarthenshire)

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Abstract
I. Introduction In 1926, I described the area between Abergwesyn and Drygam, and subsequently the district on the north-east, between Abergwesyn and Rhayader, formed the subject of another paper (Davies, 1928). The present work is a continuation of the previous surveys, and deals with the country between Abergwesyn and Pumpsaint in Carmarthenshire (see fig. 1). The southern boundary is the main road from Lampeter to Llanwrda, while the northern and western limits are defined by the Towy–Teifi watershed. The area forms part of the western flank of the Towy anticline, and has been mapped on the scale of 6 inches to the mile. It is about 130 square miles in extent, and is included within the Geological Survey maps, Old Series, 1-inch sheets 41 and 56 S.W. It is essentially that part of the Central Wales plateau which is drained by the upper Towy and its tributaries. The country is given over almost entirely to sheep-farming, and on the north-west it is desolate and somewhat inaccessible. II. Historical Summary Sir R. I. Murchison (1839, p. 342) mentioned the ‘slaty rocks and their associated conglomerates’ which are found on the north-west of the better-known areas with shelly fossils. He placed these slaty rocks within the ‘Cambrian’ system, and referred especially to Rhandirmwyn, where lead-mining was being carried on even at that time. The Geological Survey Horizontal Sections, published in 1844 and 1845, throw some light on the nature of the folding, for No. 3 passes through Ogofau, near Pumpsaint, and No.

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