Mutation site specificity of N-nitroso-N-methyl-N-α-acetoxybenzylamine: a model derivative of an esophageal carcinogen

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Abstract
A total of 171 mutations induced by N -nitroso- N -methyl- N -αacetoxybenzylamine within the first 180 base pairs of the lacI gene of Escherichia coli were characterized at the DNA sequence level. Consistent with the methylating ability of this compound and the predicted mutagenic specificity of the O 6 -methylgusnine lesion, all but two of these mutations were G:C ↑ A:T transitions. An analysis of neighbouring sequences revealed the same 5' flanking sequence influence on mutability reported for other S N 1-type direct-acting alkylating agents. G:C ↑ A:T transitions were found to be six times more likely to occur at G:C base pairs at which the guanine residues were flanked (5') by a purine than at those preceded by a puyrimidine. This mutagenic and site specificity appeared to be independent of the dose and likely reflects the behaviour of the activated parent carcinogen, N -nitroso- N -methyl- N -benzylamine in the esophagus.