Electrochromic LixWO_3/polymer laminate/LiyV_2O_5 device: toward an all-solid-state smart window

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Abstract
We introduce a laminate two-layer approach to electrochromic smart windows. It incorporates two glass panes, each having a two-layer coating, laminated by a transparent adhesive solid polymer electrolyte. Each coating has a transparent conducting base layer (In2O3:Sn) and a top layer of an ion-insertion compound (based on WO3 or V2O5). The layers were made by evaporation or sputtering. Cyclic voltammetry in liquid electrolytes and spectrophotometry were used to characterize the layers. A novel electrolyte was developed: it comprised a methyl methacrylate network incorporating poly(propylene glycol) complexed with lithium perchlorate. Initial optical data are reported for laminated devices having an active electrochromic LixWO3 layer and a passive LiyV2O5 counter electrode.