On Syringothyris Winchell, and certain Carboniferous Brachiopoda referred to Spiriferina D'Orbigny

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Abstract
I. Introduction. In this paper an attempt is made to remove the uncertainty which has hitherto existed in the naming of the British species of Syringothyris and of certain Carboniferous brachiopoda referred to the genus Spiriferina . Recent zonal work on the Carboniferous Limestone has demonstrated the desirability of (1) a more accurate knowledge of the essential characters of Syringothyris , and (2) of distinguishing names for the forms occurring at various horizons. In the case of the Spiriferids with a lamellose surface-ornament, it has been customary to refer them all to Spiriferina , because there was no other genus for their reception—although it had long been recognized that few, if any of them, really belonged to that genus. When this investigation was commenced some years ago, it was intended to deal exhaustively with all the British Carboniferous shells referred to Syringothyris and Spiriferina , together with the relation of the latter to their pre-Carboniferous and post-Carboniferous representatives, and a preliminary paper dealing with the generic characters of Syringothyris was published in 1913. 1 Since that time, however, various circumstances have prevented its completion; and, when I resumed the work after returning to civil life, it seemed desirable to publish the results already obtained, leaving certain undecided matters relating to the extra-Carboniferous forms to be dealt with in a subsequent paper. As it now stands, the paper includes:— (1) A general account of the genus Syringothyris . (2) A discussion of the British species of that genus and their classification: the detailed consideration

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