An Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay Utilizing Monoclonal Antibodies for the Characterization of Immunoglobulin Classes and Subclasses of Anti‐Red Cell Antibodies

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Abstract
The destruction of transfused red cells results from both humoral and cellular immune mechanisms. Numerous factors are likely to affect this destruction. Among them, the class and subclass of antibody-carrying immunoglobulins are of great importance. Compatibility testing routinely realized in vitro in Blood Group Laboratories is not always very helpful in predicting the in vivo significance of alloantibodies. In this sense, we have investigated an enzyme immunoassay that makes it possible to identify the isotype profile of any auto- or alloantibody. This solid-phase immunoassay utilizes mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for individual human IgG subclasses in a double-sandwich test, in which the sample to be analyzed is an eluate obtained by classical absorption-elution methods.