French ecosocialism: From Utopia to contract

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Abstract
Ecosocialism runs deeper in the French political ecology movement than most commentators have acknowledged. In the 1970s, André Gorz and René Dumont first tried to draw ecologists’ attention to links between resource depletion, alienating work conditions, and the ujust treatment of Third World countries. Their penchant for Utopian theorising created unresolved tensions between centralising and decentralising approaches to ecological reform. The 1980s saw efforts by Pierre Juquin and Félix Guattari to develop a more relativistic ecosocialism. More recently, Jean‐Paul Deléage and Alain Lipietz have favoured a contractual ecosocialism in which ideals of equality and autonomy are conceived as the fundamental values of ecological negotiators who seek to win the assent of diverse groups to a stable, environmentally responsible social order. Such contractualism, which orients Les Verts today, expresses a commitment to an egalitarian pluralism.

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