Directional Magnetic Properties and Structures in the SmCo5-SmCu5 System Alloy

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Abstract
The coercive force BHC of the intermetallic compound SmCo5 is not sufficient for its application as a permanent magnet in the cast state. This study deals with increasing of the coercive force of the SmCo5 alloy system. Specimens are melted in an arc melt furnace which has the tungusten electrode and inactive gas Ar. The directional magnetic properties are observed in the SmCo5-SmCu5 system alloy, as a result of freezing in a direction normal to the cold surface of the copper hearth. The maximum energy product, (BH)max, of the 65 wt% SmCo5-35 wt% SmCu5 alloy has 5.78 MGOe in the as-cast state, when the measurement is carried out in a direction perpendicular to the chill plane. By annealing at 300°C for 1 hour, the (BH)max value increases to 7.73 MGOe with Br 6450 G and BHC 3400 Oe. The magnetic properties in the direction perpendicular to the chill plane are superior to those in other directions and the chill plane shows a weak texture, (0001). These alloys have the easy direction of magnetization, which is the c-axis of the hexagonal crystal as in the case of SmCo5. The lattice constants of both a- and c-axes of the hexagonal crystal enlarge linearly with increasing copper content in alloy. The value of lattice constant ratio c⁄a keeps approximately 0.802 in all the alloys investigated.

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