Conservation laws and bosonization in integrable Luttinger liquids

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Abstract
We examine and explain the Luttinger-liquid character of models solvable by the Bethe ansatz by introducing a suitable bosonic operator algebra. In the case of the Hubbard chain, this involves two bosonic algebras which apply to all values of U, electronic density, and magnetization. Only at zero magnetization does not lead to the usual charge-spin separation. We show that our ‘‘pseudoparticle’’ operator approach clarifies, unifies, and extends several recent results, including the existence of independent right and left equations of motion and the concept of ‘‘pseudoparticle’’ (also known as ‘‘Bethe quasiparticle’’).
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