A contribution to the study of the causal organisms of maduromycosis

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Abstract
Maduro-mycosesare mycetomas caused by fungi (not by actinomycetes) and 5 spp. are well known agents of the disease. Madurella mycetomi is a polymorphic species of wide distribution. Cultural and parasitic characteristics of 51 strains are described, and as a result many so-called species are reduced in synonymy. Among these are M. tazeuri, M. remiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. tabarkae, M. americana, M. ikedae, M. lackawanna, M. viridobrunnea, Gleno-spora khartoumensis, and the Aspergillus chevalieri of Negroni and Tey, 1938. A 2nd sp., M. grisea, is best known from the Western Hemisphere but does occur elsewhere under various names which must fall as synonyms; viz. Aspergillus bouffardi and G. semoni. The species is probably not a true Madurella. but is retained in that genus until greater knowledge has been obtained. Ten strains of this sp. are studied and described here. Three strains of a 3rd causative sp., Phialophora jeanselmei. are described. Study of 8 strains of Allescheria boydii confirm its position as the ascocarpic form of Monosporum apiospermum. and also as an agent causing maduromycosis. Pseudallescheria sheari and Acremoniella lutzi are regarded as identical with A. boydii. and possibly Indiella mansoni is also identical. Study of 3 strains of Cephalosporium falciforme confirms its position as a 5th sp. causing maduromycoses. Indiella reyniere may be an identical species. Two other spp., Glenospora clapieri and Cephalosporium recifei, and possibly Rubromadurella langeroni, are thought to cause maduromycosis, but have been only isolated once in each instance. Other spp. mentioned in the literature are most probably contaminants and not true agents of maduromycosis.

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