Mathematical modeling of diffusion and reaction in the hydrolysis of vegetable protein in an immobilized enzyme recycle reactor

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Abstract
Experimental investigation is by far the most effective approach for studying the behavior of physical systems. However, an enzymatic solubilization of vegetable protein is a complex combination of intrinsic problems, of which many are not easily adaptable to experimental investigation. Experimental designs to study enzyme vegetable protein reactions yield data which describe the extramembraneous activity of the immobilized enzyme. In a continuous recycle immobilized enzyme reactor, the microenvironment concentration of the substrate or product in the membrane phase, or the concentrations along the reactor axial length in the bulk phase are not discernible to the experimenter. However, the knowledge of such concentration profiles is important in weighing the significance of such factors as intermembrane diffusion, enzyme loading, wet membrane size, and the mode of operation of the reactor. The simulation of mathematical models, which describe the physical system within the constraints imposed, yields information which is vital to the understanding of the process occurring in the reactor. The kinetics and diffusion of an immobilized thermophilic Penicillium duponti enzyme at pH 3.4–3.7 and 50°C was modeled mathematically. The kinetic parameters were evaluated by fitting a model to experimental data using nonlinear regression analysis. Simulation profiles of the effects of reactor geometry, substrate concentration, membrane thickness, and enzyme leading on the hydrolysis rate are presented. From the profiles generated by the mathematical model, the best operational reactor strategy is recommended.