Third-Generation β-Blockers Stimulate Nitric Oxide Release From Endothelial Cells Through ATP Efflux
- 3 June 2003
- journal article
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Circulation
- Vol. 107 (21) , 2747-2752
- https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000066912.58385.de
Abstract
Background— Nebivolol and carvedilol are third-generation β-adrenoreceptor antagonists, which unlike classic β-blockers, have additional endothelium-dependent vasodilating properties specifically related to microcirculation by a molecular mechanism that still remains unclear. We hypothesized that nebivolol and carvedilol stimulate NO release from microvascular endothelial cells by extracellular ATP, which is a well-established potent autocrine and paracrine signaling factor modulating a variety of cellular functions through the activation of P2-purinoceptors.Keywords
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