The synergic effect of urea and aldehydes on the heat stability of concentrated skim-milk

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Abstract
SUMMARY When urea is added to concentrated skim-milk (22·5% total solids) no increase in heat stability is observed. However, a similar addition of urea to concentrate stabilized with aldehyde brought about a significant further increase in heat stability. Urea can further stabilize concentrated skim-milk only when aldehyde addition has brought about a change in coagulation mechanism from the normal 2-stage process to a single-stage coagulation. These results can be related to the 2 coagulation mechanisms observed in unconcentrated milks.