COMPARISON OF ANTIDOTAL EFFICACY OF CHELATING-AGENTS UPON ACUTE TOXICITY OF CO(II) IN MICE

  • 1 January 1985
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 50  (2) , 305-308
Abstract
The relative efficacy of 14 chelating agents, in alleviating acute cobalt (II) chloride (ip) intoxication has been determined. For a level of 0.70 mmol/kg ip of CoCl2 (slightly higher than its DL50), the ip administration of chelating agents at a 2:1 and 5:1 mole ratio resulted in a significant antidotal action for L-cysteine, N-acetyl-cysteine, L-histidine, glutathione,D,L-penicillamine, DMSA, DTPA and EDTA. For a level of 1.18 mmol/kg ip of CoCl2 (slightly higher than its LD99) only L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, DMSA, DTPA and EDTA resulted in a significant enhancement of the survival rate. The therapeutic indices of these compounds were respectively: 8.3, 11.8, 10.9, 9.1, 20.5 and 26.4; with EDTA and DTPA being the most effective. However, due to their low toxicity, N-acetylcysteine and glutathione should be considered as possible alternatives.