Abstract
In a recent Sounding Board article on health-care costs, Ginzberg defines true cost containment as "a reduced inflow of real resources into the health-care system without a diminution in useful output that would adversely affect the satisfaction of patients or their health status."1 He states that [t]he best prospects for true cost containment include professional leadership that eliminates the use of resources for procedures of dubious value and constrains new outlays until new technology has been assessed, adoption by insurers and payers of incentive systems that favor the reduction and elimination of underused and duplicative costly services, shifts from more . . .