Abstract
Public-opinion surveys during the past decade have placed cost containment at the head of the nation's health agenda.1 The concept of cost containment as it is currently used implies expenditure reductions, efficiency gains in the use of resources, or a restructuring of health-care delivery in which fewer interventions result in no diminution in health status. Health-policy analysts of different persuasions seek support for the reforms they propose on the grounds that they will contribute to cost containment.2 , 3 The Many Meanings of Cost ContainmentFor heuristic purposes, I will distinguish five major areas in which the concept of cost containment has . . .

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