A New Endemic Red-Fruited Cladonia from the North Carolina Coast

Abstract
The lichen Cladonia (Cocciferae) anitae (Ascomycotina: Cladoniaceae) is a new endemic species of sandy soil in savannahs on the Atlantic Coast of southeastern North Carolina. It is distinct from all other red-fruited Cladoniae by the presence of characteristic soredia on the undersides of the primary squamules and by the production of the depsidones grayanic acid and 4-O-demethylgrayanic acid. The latter substance, which is new, also occurs in other grayanic acid-producing lichens. The new species is compared to C. cristatella and C. incrassata.