Electromagnetic interaction of an off-shell nucleon

Abstract
The electromagnetic vertex for an off-shell nucleon is investigated. To get an idea of the magnitude of the off-shell variation, which is usually neglected, a one-pion loop model is used. For simplicity, only the half-off-shell case is considered. Variations up to 10% relative to the on-shell case are found in the form factors for kinematics occurring in intermediate energy reactions. The magnitude of the off-shell effects is also investigated within a commonly used recipe for the electron-bound nucleon cross section and found to be of comparable size.