Flow-compensated limited flip angle MR angiography

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Abstract
A method of subtraction angiography that has an acquisition time of 8 s per slice is described. Flow‐compensated and uncompensated measurements are acquired in an interleaved fashion using limited flip angles and gradient refocusing. Magnitude images are reconstructed and subtracted to generate the angiogram. Results were generated in vivo in the imaging of the carotid bifurcation of several human volunteers. Susceptibility and inhomogeneity induced artifacts are prominent in thick slices, but can be greatly reduced by imaging several thin slices and adding them together. Thin slices do not require de‐phasing gradients to reduce the dynamic range, and there is no signal cancellation in overlapping vessels. The method is ideal for acquiring scout angiograms, and with averaging may produce images of diagnostic quality. © 1989 Academic Press, Inc.