The Effects of Refining on the Chemical Composition of Turkish Sunflower Seed Oil

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Abstract
For investigating the effects of degumming, neutralization, winterization and deodorization operations on the composition of sunflowerseed oil, samples were collected from each respective stage of a commercial oil refining factory in Tekirdaǧ, Turkey. Based on laboratory analyses, it was concluded that there were no significant changes in specific gravities, refractive indices, saponification numbers. Iodine values and fatty acid compositions were altered slightly during winterization. There was a gradual decrease throughout each consecutive stage of refining, in free fatty acids, phospholipids, unsaponifiables, tocopherols, sterols and iron contents. Also, slight changes were observed in relative distribution pattern of individual tocopherol and sterol components. The overall oil quality, from points of oxidative stability and nutritional status, was not lower than the original crude sunflower seed oil.

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