Biopsy-proven orbital lesions in Turkey:A survey of 1092 cases over 30 years

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Abstract
1092 biopsy proven orbital lesions were seen during 1963-1993. Secondary tumors were the most frequent type of lesion, accounting for 533 cases (48.9%). Cystic lesions accounted for 128 cases (11.8%), inflammatory masses (pseudotumors) for 109 cases (10%), muscle-tissue tumors for 72 cases (6.6%), vascular lesions for 63 cases (5.8%), lymphoma and leukemias for 55 cases (5%), gliomas and meningiomas for 37 cases (3.4%), other mesenchymal tumors for 32 cases (2.9%), peripheral nerve tumors for 16 cases (1.5%), metastatic tumors for nine cases (0.8%), other lesions for four cases (0.4%) and primary orbital melanoma for three cases (0.3%). The most frequent primary benign orbital tumor in adults is cavernous hemangioma and the most common primary malignant orbital tumor in adulthood are the various lymphoid tumors. The most frequent primary benign orbital lesion in children is dermoid cysts and the most common primary malignant lesion is rhabdomyosarcoma. Overall, the commonest primary benign and malignant lesions of the orbit are cavernous hemangioma and rhabdomyosarcoma, respectively. The high frequency of secondary tumors may be related to the fact that many lid, conjunctival and ocular tumors present in late stages of the disease and that this series reflects the results of the major referral center in the country. The geographic differences in the aggressive behavior of some of the secondary tumors might also have contributed to this high frequency.

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