Nuclear Structure Studies in the Molybdenum Isotopes with (d, p) and (d, t) Reactions

Many new energy levels are located in the odd-$A$ molybdenum isotopes and spin and parity values are assigned. In particular, it is found that the ground-state spins of ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{99}$ and ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{101}$ are both ${\mathrm{½}}^{+}$. Occupancy numbers and relative single-quasiparticle energies for the $2d_{\frac{5}{2}}$, $3s_{\frac{1}{2}}$, $1g_{\frac{7}{2}}$, and $2d_{\frac{3}{2}}$ single-quasiparticle states are obtained. The single-quasiparticle energies for ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{93}$, which are equal to the single-particle energies because ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{92}$ forms a closed shell, differ only little from those in the isotone ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{91}$. In spite of this, the quasiparticle energies are much lower and the mixing much stronger in the more neutron-rich molybdenum isotopes than in the corresponding zirconium isotopes. A pairing-force calculation revealed that the comparatively small shift in the single-particle levels between zirconium and molybdenum could not account for this completely different behavior of molybdenum and zirconium.