Statistical analysis of simulation output data

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Abstract
This paper is a tutorial paper on how to obtain point estimates and confidence intervals of steady state means of simulation output data. The methods of using replications, batch means, and regenerative cycles for obtaining these point and interval estimates are discussed in detail and are applied to a simple time-shared computer model to illustrate their use. A brief discussion is included on using time series methods to obtain these estimates. The advantages and disadvantages of the various methods are given, including specific recommendations as to when certain methods might be used.