Temperature of the ions produced and trapped in an electron-beam ion trap

Abstract
Spectrometers were constructed with nominal resolving power λ/Δλ≤22 000 at a Bragg angle of 45° and were used to measure the temperature of ions produced and trapped in the Livermore electron‐beam ion trap facility. A temperature in excess of 500 eV was found for heliumlike Ti20+ ions produced under standard operating conditions for spectroscopy. The temperature was reduced to 130 eV by lowering the trapping potential and electron‐beam current. A description of the spectrometers and representative measurements are given.