FORMATION OF MULTIPLE EMULSIONS IN A FOUR-COMPONENT SYSTEM CONTAINING NONIONIC SURFACTANTS

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Abstract
W/O/W and O/W/O multiple emulsions have been found in systems consisting of water, light mineral oil, and two nonionic surfactants (Span 80 and Tween 20).No specific order of addition of the components or pre-mixing was followed. Following gentle agitation at 25°, 35° and 45° for 48 hours, W/O/W emulsions were found at water contents above 30%, while 0/W/O emulsions generally appeared below 60% water.W/0 and 0/W emulsions, micellar phases and liquid crystalline phases were also observed at various compositions. The multiple emulsion regions decreased in size as temperature increased and the areas and positions of the other phases were also temperature dependent.