The occurrence of free and bound cytokinins in clubroots and Plasmodiophora brassicae infected turnip tissue cultures

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Abstract
This paper deals with the quantitative determination of free and bound cytokinins in clubroot tissue and in Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron, infected Brassica campestris L. callus tissue. The fractions were separated in a butanol soluble fraction containing the free cytokinins such as zeatin and zeatin riboside and a water soluble fraction containing the bound cytokinins.The butanol fraction was extensively purified and analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The butanol fraction contained cytokinins which cochromatographed with zeatin and zeatin riboside and not with dihydrozeatin. Zeatin and zeatin riboside were quantitatively determined by HPLC. Recovery of the cytokinins varied between 30–50%. Clubs contained 50–160 ng zeatin and 210–300 ng zeatin riboside per g dry weight. Callus tissue contained 133 ng zeatin and 169 ng zeatin riboside per g dry weight.Clubs, callus as well as healthy tissue contain large amounts of bound cytokinins. Upon treatment of the water soluble fraction first with alkaline phosphatase and then with β‐glucosidase biologically active fractions were found which coeluted with zeatin and zeatin riboside on Sephadex LH20 in 20% ethanol. Evidence is presented for a novel cytokinin in the water soluble fraction which yields free zeatin and glucose‐6‐phosphate after treatment with β‐glucosidase.