Pion inelastic scattering to the low-lying states inCa42,44,48: Determination of the neutron and proton multipole matrix elements

A distorted-wave impulse-approximation analysis of 180-MeV ${\pi }^{\pm }$ inelastic-scattering data to the $2_1^{+}$ and $3_1^{-}$ states in ${}_{}{}^{42,44,48}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ is used to extract the neutron and proton (alternatively, isovector and isoscalar) multipole matrix elements for exciting these states. Model-dependent errors are examined by comparing results of calculations using collective-model form factors with those using form factors fitted to electron inelastic-scattering data.