In Vivo Cardiovascular Responses to Isoproterenol, Dopamine, and Tyramine Following Prolonged Infusion of Isoproterenol

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Abstract
The moment-to-moment regulation of cardiac output makes the cardiovascular network a dynamic system. In seconds, performance may be altered radically to increase heart rate and stroke volume to meet the needs of the peripheral, metabolizing tissues. Although the magnitude of contractility may be controlled by fiber length, sympathetic stimulation can enhance inotropic state at any given level of end-diastolic volume or pressure. These regulatory mechanisms perform elegantly in the normal heart, but they are substantially impaired in the failing organ. Keywords Cardiovascular Response Prolonged Infusion Osmotic Mini Pump Left Ventricular Tissue Isoproterenol Infusion These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.