Pouring flows

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Abstract
Free surface flows of a liquid poured from a container are calculated numerically for various configurations of the lip. The flow is assumed to be steady, two dimensional, and irrotational; the liquid is treated as inviscid and incompressible; and gravity is taken into account. It is shown that there are jetlike flows with two free surfaces, and other flows with one free surface which follow along the underside of the lip or spout. The latter flows occur in the well‐known ‘‘teapot effect,’’ which was treated previously without including gravity. Some of the results are applicable also to flows over weirs and spillways.

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