Gain enhancement in gain-shifted erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for WDM applications
- 1 September 1999
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
- Vol. 11 (9) , 1111-1113
- https://doi.org/10.1109/68.784205
Abstract
Utilization of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) for gain enhancement in gain-shifted erbium-doped fiber amplifier (GS-EDFA) is analyzed. It is shown that in a multiwavelength regime, gain enhancement as high as 5 dB can be achieved when the counterpropagating ASE is used to invert an unpumped first stage of a two-stage GS-EDFA. We present design criteria for flat gain operation and noise penalty minimization of two-stage GS-EDFAs determined for multiwavelength operation in the 1580-nm wavelength band. The analysis is based on an application of a comprehensive large-signal numerical model which takes into consideration propagation of signal, pump and both the downstream and upstream ASE powers.Keywords
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