Electromechanical properties of ferroelectrics with diffuse phase transition

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Abstract
Electrostrictive Q ij coefficients as well as the dependence of strain and piezoelectric d mi coefficients on the electric field strength are measured on strontium-barium niobate (SBN) and lead-magnesium niobate (PMN) at different temperatures. Large strain as well as large polarization induced by electric fields in the slim-loop region and during polarization reversal in the square-loop region confirm the idea of field-induced phase transitions. Different behavior of PMN observed for different field directions allows some conclusions on the symmetry of the low-temperature polar phases, which are in agreement with the earlier suggestion that below about −70°C and at high fields polar PMN is rhombohedral.