Lithium as a normal metabolite: Some implications for cyclotron resonance of ions in magnetic fields

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Abstract
Cyclotron resonance of ions has been proposed as a mechanism by which weak, extremely‐low‐frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields can act on biological systems. Critics of a mechanism predicated on resonance of lithium have argued that this element is virtually absent from the internal milieu of mammals and otherwise plays no role in the normal physiological functioning of the organism. Sophisticated techniques of trace‐element analysis have recently revealed that lithium is a normal constituent of tissues of assayed mammals, including those of rats and human beings. There is evidence, too, that lithium is an important, biologically‐active element. Cyclotron resonance may or may not be a mechanism by which ELF‐ and static‐magnetic fields at low strengths combine to affect the organism, but rejection of this mechanism on the grounds that lithium is absent or is physiologically inadequate is unwarranted. Lithium is normally present and is metabolically active in many tissues, especially those of the of the neuroendocrine system.