Production of deoxynivalenol and related compounds in liquid culture by Fusarium graminearum

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Abstract
A liquid culture method for the production of deoxynivalenol and related compounds by F. graminearum was developed. Major factors which stimulate the biosynthesis of these compounds include reduced O2 levels, depletion of carbohydrate in the medium, pH and possibly a low concentration of an organic N source. Isolates of F. gaminearum were tested for the yields of 4 trichothecene mycotoxins and zearalenone in this system. The time course of acetyl deoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in the fermentation was measured over a 21-day period against pH, glucose concentration, protein, fungal biomass and ergosterol. A new ester of deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, is reported from North American isolates of F. graminearum.