Contested and polluted terrain

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Abstract
This paper examines the new Ontario guidelines for the clean‐up of contaminated sites using Toronto as an empirical case. The contention of the paper is that Ontario's new soil clean‐up policy is the product of a set of embedded understandings about the economy, about the environment and about deep interconnections between the environment and the economy. These understandings are, to a large degree, specifically local. We contextualise the new guidelines by arguing that they contribute to restructuring the political economy of Toronto from an industrial to a global city. The analysis is based on, among other sources, a series of interviews with policy makers, scientists, bankers, insurance representatives and other knowledgeable individuals in the debate on polluted soil clean‐up. Substantively, the paper focuses on the introduction of various risk‐assessment processes into the debate on contaminated sites. The paper concludes that these processes need to be made subject to democratic rather than purely technocratic processes of evaluation and decision making.

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