ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSAY OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SEX PHEROMONES IN THE AFRICAN ARMYWORM MOTH, SPODOPTERA EXEMPTA
- 1 July 1982
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
- Vol. 32 (1) , 13-22
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1982.tb03175.x
Abstract
Sensilla trichodea, with porous walls and two receptor cells, are the most abundant sensilla on the antennae of male Spodoptera exempta. Two synthetic pheromone components, Z‐9‐tetradecen‐l‐yl acetate (Z‐9‐TDA) and Z‐9,E‐12‐tetradecadien‐l‐yl acetate (Z‐9,E‐12‐TDDA), produced identical electroantennogram (EAG) responses with male antennae, and strong stimuli of either compound were found to adapt the response to the other compound. When nerve impulses were recorded from single sensilla trichodea, Z‐9,E‐12‐TDDA usually was the key stimulus, Z‐9‐TDA being over hundred times less effective, but some receptor cells were equally sensitive to both compounds. The female pheromone gland was located in the ventral intersegmental membrane between the 8th and 9th abdominal segment. Measured by male EAG responses, the crude hexane extract of one female gland, on the average, was equivalent to 5 ng of Z‐9‐TDA or Z‐9,E‐12‐TDDA. Individual variation, however, was extreme even between females of the same lot and age, and there were no significant differences in pheromone content between females of different age and physiological conditions.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Zum Vorkommen von Erbsenblattläusen, Acyrthosiphon pisum, mit Resistenz gegen Stämme des pathogenen Pilzes Erynia neoaphidisEine Laboratoriumskolonie von Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) bestand aus zwei Biotypen, die sich in ihrer Anfälligkeit auf ein Isolat des pathogenen Pilzes Erynia neoaphidis Remaudière & Hennebert unterschieden. Dosierungen, die durchschnittlich 94% des “anfälligen” Biotyps zum Absterben brachten, töteten keine einzige “resistente” Blattlaus. Klone wurden begründet und über 25 Generationen auf Pferdebohne und über 16 Generationen auf Luzerne gezüchtet. Sieben von acht untersuchten Freilandpopulationen enthielten den “resistenten” Biotyp. Elf Isolate von E. neoaphidis wurden an zwei Klonen geprüft; zwei Stämme befielen den “resistenten” Biotyp ebenso leicht wie den “anfälligen”. Dies ist der erste Bericht, dass Freilandpopulationen von Blattläusen einen Biotyp enthalten, der resistent gegen eine Pilzkrankheit ist. Es ist auch der erste Bericht, dass Stämme eines Krankheitserregers gefunden wurden, die einen anderweitig resistenten Biotyp befallen können.Keywords
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