The flow stress of surface layers of polycrystalline nickel and its influence on the residual stresses in deformed specimens

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Abstract
Polycrystalline nickel specimens (purity 99.8%) have been deformed in tension. The flow stress of surface layers and the mean flow stress of the whole samples have been determined. The existence of a macroscopic inhomogeneity of stress distribution over the cross section during plastic deformation has been proved, also the formation of macroscopic residual stresses due to inhomogeneity in work hardening.