Destructive interference between direct and indirect processes in (p, t) reactions on spherical vibrational nuclei and strong resemblance to that in (p, t) reactions on well-deformed nuclei

As evidence of a phase transition of the interference between direct and inelastic multistep processes in two-neutron pickup reactions exciting the first $2^{+}$ state of spherical vibrational nuclei, a destructive interference has been observed in ${}_{}{}^{A+2\mathrm{}}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}(p, t){}_{}{}^A{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}\left(2_1^{+}\right)$ reactions. A strong similarity between the ${}_{}{}^{104,108,110}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}(p, t){}_{}{}^{102,106,108}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}\left(2_1^{+}\right)$ cross sections and the ${}_{}{}^{158}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}(p, t){}_{}{}^{156}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}\left(2_1^{+}\right)$ cross section is discussed.