Genomic and phenotypic analyses of avian ureaplasma strains.

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Abstract
Ureaplasmas isolated from avian sources were compared to the two established Ureaplasma species, U. urealyticum from humans and U. diversum from cattle, by the metabolic inhibition test, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell protein patterns, restriction endonuclear cleavage patterns of genomic DNA and by [3H]DNA-DNA hybridization. All seven unclassified avian ureaplasma strains tested were serologically related to each other but were different from the two established bovine and human Ureaplasma species. The antigenic differences were also in Western blot analysis. The [3H]DNA-DNA hybridization data further confirmed these results by showing that avian ureaplasmas were genetically related to each other but distinct from the established Ureaplasma species. The restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns revealed variations among the avian strains that were not apparent by the serological and biochemical techniques. Our results support the notion that the avian ureaplasmas are distinct, are unrelated to the two established Ureaplasma species and merit consideration as a new species.

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