Mechanical left ventricular unloading during high risk coronary angioplasty: First use of a new percutaneous transvalvular left ventricular assist device

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Abstract
A new catheter mounted, transvalvular left ventricular assist device has been designed for percutaneous transfemoral access. The device, the Hemopump™ [14 French (Fr.) outer diameter], is based on a mixed flow rotary pump and is capable of flow rates of 1.5–2.2 1/min. The pump is inserted using a specialized 16 Fr. femoral introducer sheath. The first application of the percutaneous Hemopump™ in man was performed in two patients with hemodynamic compromise during high risk coronary angioplasty. In these patients, Hemopump™ support resulted in hemodynamic stabilization (increase in aortic pressure from 60/42 to 87/61 and from 80/60 to 100/70 mm Hg, respectively) and marked left ventricular unloading (decrease in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure from 25 to 10 and from 14 to 10 mm Hg) during balloon inflation. In both patients, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) could be accomplished successfully. Using the system for periods of about 2 hr in each patient, we observed no vascular, hemorrhagic, or embolic complications. In both patients, only a minor increase in both plasma free hemoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase levels was noted. Our preliminary experiences suggest that the percutaneous Hemopump™ is safe and effective and may be a powerful alternative to other devices used for supported angioplasty.

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