Effect of Toxogonin and P2S on the Toxicity of Carbamates and Organophosphorus Compounds

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Abstract
Toxogonin (80 mg/kg i.p.) given 15 min prior to the administration of organophosphorus insecticides dimethoate, malathion, parathion and azinphos-methyl, organophosphorus warfare agents soman and tabun or carbamates physostigmine, pyridostigmine and aldicarb reduced the toxicity in mice of these agents by increasing their LD50 dose 1.5- to 3-fold. The toxicity of the carbamate insecticide carbaryl was significantly increased by toxogonin. Similar results were obtained for P-2S (150 mg/kg i.p.) regarding the toxicity of dimethoate, soman and pyridostigmine, whereas no effect could be detected on the toxicity of tabun. Only a slight reduction in the toxicity of physostigmine was observed. The acetylcholinesterase activity in erythrocytes, cerebrum and diaphragm of surviving mice 20 h after organophosphate intoxication was similar in toxogonin and P-2S treated animals and untreated animals.