Heterodyne methods in millimetre wave plasma diagnostics with applications to ECE, interferometry and reflectometry
- 1 November 1997
- journal article
- review article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
- Vol. 39 (11) , 1693-1769
- https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/39/11/001
Abstract
Basic principles of heterodyne techniques are introduced and the various components of a heterodyne system are summarized. Special applications in ECE, interferometry and reflectometry are discussed after introducing the diagnostic principles. Realized systems as described in the literature are briefly outlined. Ordering principles are radiometer types in the case of ECE, mixing scheme and generation and stabilization of local oscillator and intermediate frequency signals in the case of interferometry and reflectometry. Special techniques and their impact on the performance of the diagnostic instruments are discussed.Keywords
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