High Pressure Carbon Dioxide Extraction from Coriander Plants. Headspace Analysis

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Abstract
Dried coriander plants were examined by headspace gas chromatographic analysis. Volatile concentrates of the same plants were obtained by three different methods: steam distillation, extraction with liquid CO2 (at 20°C, 5.7 MPa) and extraction with supercritical CO2 (at 34.5°C, 16 MPa). Yields between 0.6–1.0% were obtained in the extraction by liquid CO2 and yields of 0.3% were obtained by steam distillation. Headspace GC analysis of the volatile concentrates was also performed and the results were compared to those obtained directly from the plants. The difference in aroma of the CO2 extracts and of the steam distillate is quite noticeable, and can be attributed to quantitative differences in the proportions of the components. Within experimental error, CO2 extracts reproduce the natural headspace of the plants.