Surface morphology at nanometer level and optical phase retardation of rubbed alignment films

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Abstract
The surface morphology of rubbed polyimide LC aligning films has been studied by scanning force microscopy. We examined three types of alignment film: HT-210, AL-1051 (main chain type) and AL-8044 (side chain type) polyimide surfaces. The rubbed polyimide surfaces show anisotropic alignment of the polymer chain cluster, and a microgroove between the ripple pattern streaks. Also, they are periodically oriented along the rubbing direction. The optical phase retardation of the rubbed surface does not increase with increased cumulative time of rubbing, On the other hand, it increases monotonically with increasing rubbing depth.