DNA content in renal cell carcinoma with reference to tumor heterogeneity

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Abstract
DNA content was successfully determined by flow cytometry in 196 tissue samples from 25 renal cell carcinomas. Twelve tumors (48%) were homogenously diploid/near-diploid, whereas 11 tumors were aneuploid and 2 tumors were polyploid. Cell clones with different DNA content were found in 11 tumors demonstrating a considerable heterogeneity in the non-diploid tumors; 9 of these 11 heterogenous tumors contained both aneuploid and diploid cell clones. Tumor samples morphologically classified as grade 1 and 2 were 98% diploid and grade 4 samples were 78% aneuploid. No correlation between DNA distribution and morphologic grade was found for grade 3 tumor samples. Tumor proliferation rate, as determined by the fraction of cells in S-phase, was significantly higher in aneuploid samples compared to normal kidney tissue samples and diploid tumor samples.