Observation of waves during oscillatory channel flow

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Abstract
We have observed steady and oscillatory flow through a two-dimensional channel expansion. The experimental results are supported by numerical solutions of the unsteady Navier–Stokes equations. This work was prompted by the recent discovery of vortex waves during steady flow past a moving indentation in a channel wall. Our work deals with both asymmetric channels, in which we show that vortex waves are observed during oscillatory flow with rigid walls, and with symmetric channels, in which a vortex street is observed. We believe that the vortex street is not a vortex wave, but the result of a shear-layer instability.