Susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics in septicemia isolates from twenty-nine European laboratories

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Abstract
In 1984 the European Study Group on Antibiotic Resistance (ESGAR) consecutively collected gram-negative bacilli and staphylococci blood isolates and performed susceptibility testing with 11 antibiotics using the microdilution method. In all 2,578 isolates were collected: 68% gram-negative bacilli and 32% staphylococci. The MICs of ampicillin and cefazoline for the susceptible gram-negative bacilli were 1–8μg/ml; of piperacillin⩽0.5–4; of Sch 34343, cefotaxime, moxalactam, ceftazidime and aztreonam⩽0.5–2μg/ml; of cefoxitin, cefuroxime and cefamandole⩽0.5–8μg/ml. For susceptible staphylococci the MICs of cefazoline and cefuroxime were⩽0.5–1μg/ml, and of cefoxitin, moxalactam, ceftazidime and cefotaxime,⩽0.5–32 μg/ml. The resistance levels varied between laboratories and countries, being lower in Northern Europe. In clinical protocols on patients with gram-negative septicemia from whom cefazoline-resistant strains were isolated, cefotaxime was the beta-lactam most commonly used (12%). In protocols on patients with staphylococcal septicemia from whom gentamicin-resistant or cefazoline-resistant strains were isolated, the most commonly used beta-lactam was cloxacillin (6%).

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