Measurements of Polarization inπ−pElastic Scattering at Large Angles

We have made measurements of polarization in ${\pi }^{-}p$ elastic scattering, with emphasis over the backward region, at 1.60 to 2.28 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$. The results indicate the absence of $u$-channel dominance in the backward region, as was observed in the case of ${\pi }^{+}p$ scattering. Comparisons have been made with predictions of various phase-shift analyses which show that the agreement is generally very poor in the backward region.