Emotional Factors in Gravesʼ Disease

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Abstract
Consecutive cases (25) of thyrotoxicosis were studied by a team consisting of an endocrinologist, a surgeon, a radioactive-iodine expert, 2 psychiatrists, and a psychologist. Emotional aspects of thyrotoxicosis were assessed by psychiatric interviews and psychological test and were compared with a well-matched control group. Striking differences were found in family history, early development, and sexual and marital adjustments. Incidence of "neuroticism" in the thyrotoxic group was significantly higher than in the controls with emphasis on increased anxiety, subnormal assertiveness, and depression. Basic conflicts and personality defences utilized by the thyrotoxic patients were outlined, and speculations were made relating to the psychopathology of the illness. Suggestions were made as to the practical applications of the observations made and emphasis was laid on a comprehensive approach to the management and treatment of thyrotoxicosis.