Efficacy of live‐attenuated and whole‐inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccines against vaginal challenge with virulent SIV

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Abstract
The ability of two vaccine preparations (UV‐psoralen inactivated SIV administered intramuscularly and live‐attenuated SIV inoculated intravaginally) to prevent genital transmission of virulent SIV in rhesus macaques was tested. Two of six whole‐inactivated SIV vaccinated macques, three of five live‐attenuated SIV vaccinated macaques, and four of six controls became persistently infected after two separate intravaginal inoculations with a 50% animal infectious dose of virulent SIV. No association was observed between levels of SIV‐specific antibodies in serum or vaginal secretions prior to challenge and subsequent infection with virulent SIV.