Gauge-invariant reference section and geometric phase
- 7 April 1995
- journal article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Journal of Physics A: General Physics
- Vol. 28 (7) , 2087-2094
- https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/28/7/027
Abstract
We use a gauge-invariant 'reference section' and define the geometric phase for all quantum evolutions in a closed form. This geometric phase is obtained by integrating the inner product of the 'reference section' and its path derivative along the evolution curve which is valid for non-cyclic, non-unitary and non-Schrodinger evolutions of quantum systems. Two non-trivial examples are studied to realize our new expression.Keywords
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